Which crime-analysis and police-management process uses crime mapping developed by the New York City Police Department in the mid-1990s?

• A. SCOTUS definition of arrest
• B. Body cameras
• C. COMPSTAT
• D. K-9 Officers

Answer: (C)

Data-driven policing uses crime mapping to guide management decisions and how resources are allocated. This crime-analysis and management approach was developed by the New York City Police Department in the mid-1990s to visualize patterns, identify hot spots, and hold commanders accountable through regular, structured reviews. By mapping where and when crimes occur, supervisors target problem areas with focused patrols and targeted interventions, then compare outcomes across precincts to adjust strategies. This practice is COMPSTAT. It stands apart from options like court arrest definitions, body cameras, or K-9 units, which do not center on data-driven mapping and accountability cycles.